Reference
27 terms defined

The Plain-English Glossary

Demystifying the jargon of traditional finance and the digital asset economy — plain definitions for every term.

These terms explain how money works.

But understanding money isn't just definitions — it's understanding the tradeoffs behind them: control vs. convenience, flexibility vs. discipline, growth vs. protection.

A

American Bankers Association (ABA)

The main lobbying group representing traditional banks in Washington.

Read full article →

B

Blockchain

A shared, unchangeable digital ledger that records transactions instantly across a network of computers.

Read full article →

BNY Mellon

America's oldest bank and the world's largest custodian, holding trillions in traditional assets.

Read full article →

C

CLARITY Act

Proposed legislation attempting to provide clear regulatory frameworks for digital assets.

Read full article →

Correspondent Banking

A system where banks maintain accounts at other banks in foreign countries to facilitate international transactions on behalf of customers.

Read full article →

Crypto Company

A business building infrastructure, wallets, or exchanges for digital assets.

Read full article →

Crypto Custodian

A specialized entity responsible for safely holding and securing digital assets on behalf of clients.

Read full article →

Crypto Exchange

A digital marketplace where you can buy, sell, and trade cryptocurrencies and stablecoins.

Read full article →

Cryptocurrency

A digital or virtual currency secured by cryptography and based on blockchain networks.

Read full article →

D

DeFi (Decentralized Finance)

Financial services built on blockchains that operate without traditional intermediaries like banks.

Read full article →

Digital Dollar

A digital representation of the US Dollar, often referring to a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) or a private stablecoin.

Read full article →

Digital Wallet

Software that allows you to store, send, and receive digital currency directly.

Read full article →

DTCC

The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; the hidden plumbing of Wall Street that settles traditional trades.

Read full article →

F

Financial Friction

The delays, fees, and intermediaries that slow down the movement of money in the traditional system.

Read full article →

Financial Infrastructure

The underlying systems, networks, and institutions that allow money and assets to move through an economy, including clearinghouses, settlement networks, and payment rails.

Read full article →

Fractional Reserve Banking

The banking system used by most commercial banks worldwide, where banks keep only a fraction of customer deposits on hand as reserves and lend out the rest to generate profit.

Read full article →

G

GENIUS Act

Legislative proposal focused on regulating how digital assets are integrated into the economy.

Read full article →

L

Lobbyist

Professionals hired to influence politicians and lawmakers on behalf of an industry (like banking or crypto).

Read full article →

R

Remittance

Money sent by a person working in one country back to family or dependents in another country. Remittances are a major source of income for many developing nations, but traditional transfer services charge fees that can consume 5 to 10 percent of the amount sent.

Read full article →

S

Settlement

The process by which a financial transaction is finalized — the actual transfer of funds or assets from one party to another. In traditional finance this can take 1 to 3 business days; on blockchain networks it can happen in seconds.

Read full article →

Smart Contract

Self-executing code on a blockchain that automatically runs when certain conditions are met.

Read full article →

Stablecoin

A digital currency pegged to a stable asset, like the US Dollar, to prevent price volatility.

Read full article →

SWIFT

The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication — the global messaging network that banks use to send instructions for international money transfers. SWIFT sends messages but does not move money itself.

Read full article →

T

Tokenization

The process of converting rights to a real-world asset into a digital token on a blockchain.

Read full article →

U

USDC

A prominent stablecoin fully backed by US Dollars and short-term US Treasury bonds.

Read full article →

X

XRP

A digital asset designed primarily to facilitate fast, low-cost cross-border payments between financial institutions.

Read full article →

Y

Yield

The return or interest earned on an investment or deposit over a specific period.

Read full article →